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Fields	World Records	World Dictionary	Geographic Names	Fields History
Chiefs of State	Intl. Organizations	Intl. Environmental Agree.	Other References	Notes and Definitions

Antarctica

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Translation

Introduction	Antarctica
= Fields = World Records = Dictionary = Bar graph = Distribution map = Fields History = Definitions
Flag description:	void
Background:	Speculation over the existence of a "southern land" was not confirmed until the early 1820s when British and American commercial operators and British and Russian national expeditions began exploring the Antarctic Peninsula region and other areas south of the Antarctic Circle. Not until 1840 was it established that Antarctica was indeed a continent and not just a group of islands. Several exploration "firsts" were achieved in the early 20th century. Following World War II, there was an upsurge in scientific research on the continent. A number of countries have set up a range of year-round and seasonal stations, camps, and refuges to support scientific research in Antarctica. Seven have made territorial claims, but not all countries recognize these claims. In order to form a legal framework for the activities of nations on the continent, an Antarctic Treaty was negotiated that neither denies nor gives recognition to existing territorial claims; signed in 1959, it entered into force in 1961.

= Fields = World Records = Dictionary = Bar graph = Distribution map = Fields History = Definitions

This page was last updated on 29 June, 2009

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